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Liaoning


Liaoning Province is located in the southern part of northeast China, with the Yellow and Bohai Seas in the south, Hebei Province in the southwest, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the northwest, Jilin Province in the northeast, and Korea m the southeast. Liaoning has the largest economy of Northeast China. Its nominal GDP for 2010 was 1.83 trillion yuan (ca. US$270 billion) making it the 7th largest in China. Its per capita GDP was 34,193 yuan (US$5,006).

Geography and Climate

Liaoning, as northeastern and western parts are rolling hills and forests. Its central part is the boundless Liaohe Plain. Its southern part is the Liaodong Peninsula. Its western part is the Liaoxi Corridor along the beach of the Bohai Sea.

Liaoning belongs to the continental climate on the northern temperate zone, with an annual mean temperature of 6°C - 11°C. The coldest time is January, and the hottest July. Summer is rainy, and winter is cold.

Transportation

Liaoning is a traffic hub on the way from the northeast region to the south of Shanhai Pass and it is also an important gateway and front connecting the northeast region and Inner Mongolia with the world and the Europe-Asia Land Bridge. In Liaoning there are 6 airports and 5 harbors to both domestic and international cities.

History

Liaoning has a long history. Some 5,000 years ago, Liaoning was the most developed area for Chinese civilization. During 221 B. C. through 1911 A. D. , Liaoning was a political, economic and military center in northeast China, leaving behind many historical sites, such as the temporary palace of Emperor Qin Shihuang, the Great Wall at Jiumenkou, the well-preserved ancient city of the Ming Dynasty at Xingcheng, the imposing royal palaces and mausoleums of the Qing Dynasty, the sites of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 and of Japanese-Russian War, and the prison where Pu Yi, China’s last emperor, was reformed.

Population and Ethnic Groups

Liaoning has a population of 41 million, the majority of whom are the Han people. There are 43 ethnic groups, including the Manchus, Mongolians, Huis, Koreans, and Xibes, making up 15 percent of Liaoning, as total population. Most of the ethnic groups have their own language, and live a different lifestyle.

Tourism

Liaoning province has many world famous historical sites. In the central Liaoning there exist Shenyang Palace Museum, “the Three Mausoleums out the Strategic Pass” and other historic sites survived from the Qing Dynasty; in the south there exist the historic sites of modern war and in the west there exist the historical sites survived from the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty, the Liao and Song Dynasties, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. Famous mountains, beautiful rivers and marvelous scenes can be found throughout Liaodong Peninsula and the corridor region in the west of Liaoning. The Submerged Great Wall at Jiumenkou of Huludao city, Shenyang Palace Museum, the Yongling Tomb in Fushun, the Fuling Tomb and Zhaoling Tomb in Shenyang are recognized by the UNESCO as the World Cultural Heritages. Liaoning owns the world biggest jade Buddha – Anshan Jade Buddha; has the world longest water filled cavern – Benxi Water Cavity which can be visited by riding boat; has the world’s biggest polar aquarium – Dalian Hutan Polar Aquarium; has the world’s largest “visitor” coming from the outer space 1.9 billion years ago – Shenyang ancient meteorite; and has the second biggest reed field in the world – Panjin Shuangtaizi Wetland Natural Reserve; in addition, such marvelous sceneries as the Strange Slope in Shenyang, the boundary between the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in Dalian, Snake Island, the Penholder Mountain in Jinzhou and the Red Beach in Panjin etc. are all widely publicized.

Food

The Liao-style Dishes is a kind of folk cuisine which is developed on the basis of Manchu-style Dishes and the Northeast style Dishes and by absorbing the merit of the dishes of other styles. Its features are melting multi-flavors into one dish, making no mix of salty and sweet, being crisp and fragrant, being highly-seasoned, adding edible oil and starch before dish-up, and having nice dish-up.

Universities in Liaoning

• Dalian University of Technology 
• Dalian Polytechnic University 
• Dongbei University of Finance and Economics 
• Shenyang University 
• Shenyang Ligong University 
• Shenyang Institute of Aeronautical University 
• Shenyang Normal University 
• Shenyang Institute of engineering 
• Northeastern University 
• Liaoning University 
• Shenyang Jianzhu University 
• Shenyang Institute of Chemical Technology 
• Shenyang Agriculture University 
• China Criminal Police University 
• Shenyang Pharmaceutical University 
• Liaoning University of Traditional Medicine 
• China Medical Univerisity 
• Shenyang Medical College 
• Shenyang Conservatory of Music 
• Shenyang Sport University 
• Luxun Academy of Fine Arts